I am about to start taking auditions, but it seems like most US orchestras don't want to even consider people who are not US citizens or who don't at least have a green card. Is there any advice or information anyone can give me? Are there some orchestras that are more likely to sponsor an individual than others? Are they really allowed to discriminate like this? I did my masters and I'm just finishing up my artist cert here in the States and would love to be able to play in an orchestra here.

I know quite a few orchestras are now doing "National only" auditions, but a lot of the time that really depends on what country your're from. I've checked with various orchestras about this, and they have been more than willing to invite me to audition (Canadian/U.S.A work visas are easier to get than other countries). Sometimes it can also mean that the orchestra isn't willing to sponsor you (if you win the audition) and you'd be on your own in getting a visa. Again, depending on what country you're from, and your financial situation (like do you have someone who would be willing to sponsor you outside of the orchestra) then some orchestras may very well extend you an audition invitation. If you're currently living in the States, then I'd say "go for it" and take the audition! You're not paying international travel rates, and it's good experience even if you don't win...and depending on the orchestra, if you do win, then very often an orchestra will indeed bend over backwards to help you if they really want you

Getting eligibility to work isn't as hard as some orchestras are afraid of. It is best to not bring the subject up until you are offered a job. If pushed by a prospective employer, explain you are eligible for one year of OPT (optional practical training). If by the time your OPT runs out and you have a job, even if it is not full time, it is possible to get an O1 visa with a letter and support from your employer.
Good Luck!

...and how about somebody who lives and works in Europe, do we have any chance at all in the US? Normally, US citizens are complaining about protective European hiring policies, so I would assume it's easier the other way round, or am I wrong?

simonertz (or anyone else who knows),

My understanding was that O1 visas were essential for movie stars, etc. Any time I see a requirement list for an O1, it seems to include Academy/Grammy award nomination, or a starring role in a production receiveing critical acclaim. Is this a visa that is frequently utilized in bringing orchestral musicians to the U.S.?

My assumption had been that the H1B was the only visa that would be applicable in the case of an orchestral musician. This requires 12 years of high level experience in the field, or completion of the equivalent of a U.S. bachelor's degree (meaning, taking the example of my case, that a Canadian student could not win an American job while still studying toward a first degree).

Since this hits close to home, I'd appreciate any additional information that anyone can provide.

I have been on an O1 visa for three years, I'm no movie star either! made it onto the local news but thats about it....
O1 seems the most common visa for orchestral musicians, then if you get tenure and plan on staying you can apply for a green card.
If you look more carefully at the requirements for O1 visa it also says if you meet three of the requirements out of the list under grammy nomination. This just require you put an application togeather with letters of recommendation, programs, prizes etc...
There are several good lawyers who can help you with this, for a price, I even know some people who successfully filed themselves. Make sure you get a lawyer who has done this successfully before for musicians. Brad Glassman in NYC is very good, also Katherine Gongora. You do need a sponsor, but again I know of people who have filed with just parttime employment.